Jamaica

Jamaica () is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea, comprising the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles. The island, in area, lies about south of Cuba, and west of Hispaniola, the island containing the nation-states of Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Jamaica is the fifth-largest island country in the Caribbean. The indigenous people, the Taíno people, called it Xaymaca in Arawakan languages,As represented in Spanish orthography#Orthography, meaning it began with a "ʃ" sound. meaning the "Land of Wood and Water" or the "Land of Springs".

Once a Habsburg Spain possession known as , in 1655 it came under the rule of England (later Great Britain), and was called Jamaica. It achieved full independence from the United Kingdom on 6 August 1962. With 2.8 million people, it is the third most populous English-speaking world country in the Americas, after the United States and Canada. Kingston, Jamaica is the country's largest city and its capital, with a population of 937,700. Jamaica has a Jamaican diaspora around the world, due to emigration from the country.

Jamaica is a Commonwealth realm, with Elizabeth II as Monarchy of Jamaica and head of state. Her appointed representative in the country is the Governor-General of Jamaica, currently Patrick Allen (Jamaica). The head of government and Prime Minister of Jamaica is Portia Simpson-Miller. Jamaica is a parliamentary constitutional monarchy with legislative power vested in the bicameral Parliament of Jamaica, consisting of an appointed Senate and a directly elected House of Representatives.